如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧3篇(如何分析出题思路)

时间:2023-06-05 08:36:00 综合范文

  下面是范文网小编收集的如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧3篇(如何分析出题思路),以供参考。

如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧3篇(如何分析出题思路)

如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧1

  1、与题干进行首次见面

  进入正式阅读之前,先对所有题干问及的内容及对象进行粗略扫描,明确问题所指,大脑中应快速形成对题干及选项的初步印象。

  例如:In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been accomplished for the modern period, pre modern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bach-fen’s 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.

  All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of pre modern cultures EXCEPT

(A) Partial completeness

(B) Restricted accessibility

(C) Difficulty of interpretation

(D) Limited quantity

(E) Tendency toward contradiction

  在读上述题干时,我们首先需要明确题目所涉及的核心事物为source与pre modern cultures, 之后通过回归定位法进入第一遍阅读时,找到有关source 与pre modern cultures出现的位置,文章黑斜体出现处,即是source的出现位置,其实source后面所出现的几个特征描述分别是选项,A,C,D,E的改写,接下来利用排除法,我们便能找出B为正确答案。

  2、定位TS

  不管GRE阅读文章看起来多么支离破碎,千奇百怪,都会始终贯穿一个思想,一条主线,作者往往也会通过一句话或两句话的方式阐述其所关注的焦点及对象,我们既可以将之称为文章的中心思想,也可以称之为TS(主题句),TS对于从宏观角度把握整篇文章的结构以及领会文章的前后所指起到非常大的作用,抓住了TS句也就找到了文章的主脉络。TS的出现位置根据文章的结构也会有所不同,但大体上会出现上三处:文章开头,文章中间和文章结尾。

  Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth’s subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern. As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely by the rock’s elastic characteristics. As rock interfaces are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments. The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave trains, and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces. Then the data acquired at each of the specific source locations are combined to generate a physical profile of the subsurface, which can eventually be used to select targets for drilling.

  按照文章的结构来分析,全文主要是针对一个观点进行论证,作者在文章的第一段的开头部分就给出明确的结论,即阐述某一个观点,而下文全是对此观点做出的解释说明和论证。黑斜体部分也是这篇短文的中心句,起到统领全文的作用。

  3、转折词位

  往往一篇文章中转折词的前后会成为阅读的出题点,这点我们必须时刻保持注意,转折词的前后往往阐述的内容或是对比,或是对立,或是让步,也或是为了铺垫和某个过渡。GRE阅读篇章中常常出现表示转折语气的词语包括:however, nonetheless, nevertheless, indeed, actually, in fact等等,对于这些词汇,我们定要时刻小心,遇到需作一下标记,而对与这些转折词前后内容之间的关系需要弄清楚。

  譬如:

  Although much has been accomplished for the modern period, pre modern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bach?-fen’s 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.

  在这段话中,although表示让步性的转折,理解了这点,我们才能对现代之前文化资料的特征有所理解。

如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧2

  1. 老GRE真题和新GRE真题比较

  老GRE的题目指的是2011.8月份GRE改革之前的老GRE题目。不同与现行的GRE填空题目,老GRE题目只有单空题和双空题,并且都是五选一。以下就是老GRE题目的样子:

【单空题】Foucault's rejection of the concept of continuity in Western thought, though radical, was not unique; he had ------- in the United States who, without knowledge of his work, developed parallel ideas.

(A) critics

(B) counterparts

(C) disciples

(D) readers

(E) publishers

【双空题】In retrospect, Gordon's students appreciated her ----- assignments, realizing that such assignments were specifically designed to ----- original thought rather than to review the content of her course.

(A) didactic.. ingrain

(B) intimidating.. thwart

(C) difficult.. discourage

(D) conventional.. explicate

(E) enigmatic.. stimulate

  从概率角度来说,老GRE的填空蒙对的概率为20%。而新GRE保留了单空题,双空题和三空题变成了每个空格独立选择,蒙对的概率分别变成了1/9 和1/27。 新加的句子等价题目则是从六个选项里面选出两个,蒙对的概率变成了1/30。

  2. 老GRE题目的来源

  老GRE题目主要分为大白本和2000以后的一些机经题目。大白本是老GRE题目的完整收录,但因为与新gre题型差距较大,因此现在大白本上对同学们有价值的复习材料只有填空和阅读,(我们认为在词汇联系上老GRE的反义题目是最佳的练习材料,我们会在后续整理出老GRE的反义题目答案)。北京新东方的老师已经将大白本和2000年以后的机经题目进行了汇总,编制成了113个section的GRE填空经典真题集,大家只要扫描下面的二维码,加入我们GRE的微信平台,并在平台回复“填空经典”,就可以进行下载了。因此以后大家不需要再购买大白本,只需要这一个文件就可以囊括所有的老GRE填空题目。

  3. 老GRE填空题目和新GRE填空题目的关系

  我们认为,在准备新GRE考试的时候,仍然要把老GRE题目一道一道认真的做完,主要由以下几点原因。

  第一,GRE当前市面备考材料较少,很多机构的模拟题目看似词汇很难,其实和GRE的考试要求相去甚远。无论是老GRE题目还是新GRE题目都是出自ETS 的手笔,因此题目的考察点等都是都一脉相承,是最“真”的参考题目。

  第二,对OG题目的分析不难发现,OG中有约20%的题目直接照搬了老GRE题目的题干,并对选项进行了一定的修订,因此也证明了GRE题目内在的联系。

  第三,它是对于ETS如何解读词汇的题源和我们能够参照的最好标准。如新GRE题目中,有一道题目对于sympathetic这个词的考察,原题如下:

【新GRE机经题目】Even though the municipal government was not totally ______ the positive review of the charter, the mayor nevertheless decided to veto the laws.

  A. garrulous about

  B. enthusiastic about

  C. sanguine about

  D. approbatory to

  E. unsympathetic with

  这道题目的答案选择E unsympathetic, 这道题目考察了sympathetic 这个词favorably inclined 的意思。如果同学们把这个词理解为同情的,可能在选择的时候就会出现偏差。但是unsympathetic这个意思其实在老GRE的填空题目中已经考察过,题目如下:

  The characterization of historical analysis as a form of fiction is not likely to be received----by either historians or literary critics, who agree that history and fiction deal with----orders of experience.

(A) quietly.. significant

(B) enthusiastically.. shifting

(C) passively.. unusual

(D) sympathetically.. distinct

(E) contentiously.. realistic

  因此,准确理解老GRE填空每一个选项的词汇是绝对有助于在新GRE中把我考试词汇的含义的。

  第四,老GRE题目还会不断地在新GRE考试中重复出现。我们可以看到,OG中很大一部分题目都是老GRE题目的改编,无论是单空题、双空题还是六选二题目。只有三空题是全新的。

  在新GRE考试中,我们发现老GRE题目仍然会重复出现,如下面的例子。

【2014.4.13】

  The science of astronomy was begun by amateurs and today remains dependent on their contributions, which are incisive by virtue of being ------- by the a prior assumption that often vitiate the work of professional research scientists

(A) characterized

(B) unencumbered

(C) supported

(D) contradicted

(E) inspired

【2014.3.29 98年机经题目】

  Many of the towns that have voted to keep incinerators in the county’s solid-waste plan have done so not because they necessarily (i)______ incinerators, but because they are (ii)______ to narrow their waste-disposal options.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A. question D. planning

  B. favor E. eager

  C. oppose F. loath

【2014.3.9】

  Without seeming unworldly, William James appeared wholly removed from the ______ of society, the conventionality of academe.

(A) ethos

(B) idealism

(C) romance

(D) paradoxes

(E) commonplaces

【2014.3.9】

  She is most frugal in matters of business, but in her private life she reveals a streak of ________.

(A) antipathy

(B) misanthropy

(C) virtuosity

(D) equanimity

(E) prodigality

【2014.2.23】For all the scathing precision with which she criticized the social aspirants and moneyed folk, the writer appears to ______ being part of the world she makes seem so ______.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A. abhor D. insufferable

  B. romance E. unattainable

  C. relish F. glamorous

【2013.4.27】Though extremely ______ about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly ______ information about what they intended to do next.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A candid D soliciting

  B idiosyncratic E altering

  C reticent F eschewing

【2013.4.27】The children’s _____ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.

(A) mercurial

(B) blithe

(C) phlegmatic

(D) introverted

(E) artless

(F) inconstant

  因此,把老GRE的填空题目熟烂于心,在考场上如果遇到原题或者是原题的改编题目,则可以快速的锁定答案,以节省宝贵时间给其他题目。

如何从出题者思路反向分析考生解题技巧3

  GRE句子填空方法第一步:读题干

  此为理解题干内容的关键一步,但是考生往往感觉要么必须彻底弄懂句子意思才能做题,要么觉得无法读懂题干而盲目做答。小编建议:读题干时,考生应先抓住题目的主干结构,换句话说应先弄清楚句子的主语,谓语和宾语成分,而后找出主干以外的修饰成分,譬如定语短语,定语从句,分词短语,状语从句及插入语等等。阅读句子时可以采用跳跃式的读题方法,即仍掉那些主干以外的部分,但是对于双空格的填空题来说,采用这种方法就未必有效,甚至还会解题思维造成阻碍,因为,双空格的句子往往一个句子中可以分成两个具有一定逻辑关系的分句,且两个分句或起到承前起后,或起到转折,或起到并列的作用,前程百利建议考生对于双空格的考题才取全读策略,根据具体语境寻找前后的逻辑关系。

  GRE句子填空方法第二步:分析逻辑关系

  当我们顺利完成第一步,弄懂句子的主干结构和分隔成分以后,接下来开始对题干所隐含的逻辑关系进行分析,这是解题的依据所在,也是决定解题正确与否的关键环节。还是让我们对例句1从逻辑角度进行一下分析。本句中有一个词语:vanity(自负,虚荣),a critic与he 同指一人,而第二个空格后面的内容work against him:对他自己产生不利的作用和影响, 显然vanity 和第二个空格之间可以建立一种同义联系,也就是既然这个批评家爱慕虚荣,那么他的行为和言语必然能够体现出这种虚荣心,所以只能选self-adulation:自吹自擂,正好符合句子的本意。

  在实际考试时,第一二步可以同时进行,我们基本在能够推出句子空格处所需填入的词汇的褒贬色彩以及所要表达的意义方向以后,便可以进行选项的排除及定位。另外,在寻找逻辑关系时,前程百利还建议大家在读句子时,应主动去分辨句子当中所存在的重复部分,照应结构以及主体词等等。

  GRE句子填空方法第三步:解题

  通过对句子进行结构分析并进行结构简化以后,接下来需要做的就是根据先前确定好的逻辑关系确定选词,如果句子所包含的逻辑关系为转折关系,那基本上双空格内应填入的词汇的关系为对立关系,我们可以视应填入的一组词为反义词,如果根据意群,我们透过分析句子的主干部分与主干以外的修饰语成分,得出其中的逻辑关系为并列关系,那么我们就可以视应填入的两个词之间的关系为同义关系,而当我们试图根据逻辑关系无法得出正确选项时,最后还剩下一个策略,那就是排除法则,只要确定出一个空格的词汇,另外一个空格的词汇我们只要将其代入其中即可。

  GRE句子填空方法第四步:检查

  当我们完成了填空题,最后一个环节就是检查,通常检查题目的一个优先策略就是看将选项中的词汇代入空格中,看句子从意义上是否通顺,连贯。如果句子不连贯,那么就说明所选的词项是错误的,那么我们就应该进行二次排除,直到句子通顺为止。

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