下面是范文网小编分享的考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理25篇 考研英语作文词性错误，以供参考。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理1
5.欢迎您参观我们交易会。 原译文：Welcome you to visit our fair! 注：译文中welcome是动词，因此此句是祈使句形式，省略的主语为第二人称你(你们)，而不是中文所含的我(我们)之意。应译为：We welcome you to visit our trade fair! 更简洁而地道的译法是：Welcome to our trade fair!
6.我公司出口工业产品、化工产品、医药等。原译文：Our company exports industrial products, chemicals, medicines and etc. 注：etc.等于and so on或and others，已含有and的成分，上述译文无需加上and一词。应译为：Our company exports industrial products, chemicals, medicines, etc.
7.我们将委托贵公司作为我公司在毛里求斯的业务代理。原译文：We hereby entrust3 your company to be our business agent in Mauritius. 注：entrust一词在作委托解时用法为entrust somebody with something or entrust something to somebody。应译为：We hereby appoint your company to be our business agent in Mauritius.
8.本合同签订之后，签约双方中任何一方不得将合同内容泄露给第三方。原译文：Any of the two parties can not divulge4 the contents of the contract to a third party after the conclusion of the contract. 注：双方中任何一方为either of the two parties，三方(或三方以上)中任何一方才用any of the parties，因本句为否定句，应译为：Neither of the two parties can divulge the contents of the contract to a third party after the conclusion of the contract.
9.在双方签约之后，各方将严格守本协议。原译文：After this agreement is signed by the two parties, all parties shall strictly5 abide6 by it. 注：与上一条相类似，在协议当事方为三方(或三方以上)时，各方为all parties，而当事方为两方时应用both parties。应译为：After this agreement is signed by the two parties, both parties shall strictly abide by it.
扩展：商务交流有关时间管理的用法和变化
Here are some common usages and variations for the time-management terms:
I'd like to call a meeting for …
The meeting's postponed1 indefinitely.
We're having an impromptu2 meeting!
It's an all-hands meeting.
I need to meet with the CEO. Can you make an appointment for me?
The meeting's rescheduled for …
Please notify everyone the meeting is cancelled.
Has anybody seen my planner?
Let's go over the minutes of last Friday's meeting.
Harry3, have you called about repairing the photocopier4? Not yet, it's on my to-do list.
I need an action plan for next Wednesday's meeting.
Are you effective at multi-tasking? Do you work well under pressure?
This is a high-priority job. Let's get on it right away.
What's on the agenda for tomorrow's meeting?
中文对照：
以下是一些有关时间管理的通常用法和变化：
我想召集一个会议……
会议被无限期延迟了。
我们在开一个临时会议!
这是一次全体会议。
我需要见CEO。你能帮我预约一下吗?
会议改在……召开
请通知每一个人会议取消了。
有人看到我的电子秘书了吗?
让我们看一下上星期五的会议记录。
Harry,你打电话叫人修复印机了吗?还没呢，不过已在我的执行表中了。
我需要下周三会议的行动计划。
在多项任务中你都能应付自如吗?你在压力下工作表现如何?
这是一项最优先考虑的工作。我们现在就开始干吧。
明天的会议议程是什么?
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理2
考研英语阅读 常见题型及做题步骤指导
常见题型一览
这类题目通常1有两种答题方法，一是直接从文章的结构看出来，比如每段的段首和段尾句；二是从内容隐含的结构看出来。做题时还经常考察到细节题。该题型占阅读试题分值的60％，主要命题思路是利用各种转换，以达到考查读者掌握文章当中具体事实细节的能力。在做这类型的题目时，要格外注意题干的信息值，掌握正确选项的信息值，这样才能把握住原文的信息值。考生在答题时应抓住文章句子和试题之间的各种转换。词的转换有3种方式：同义词的转换、近义词的转换、反义词的`转换。另外，还应注意原文与答题句式、结构的变化，以及句子与句子之间的关系。另外还有推理题和观点态度题。推理的题目包括两种，一种是超纲词汇意义的判定，这需要你在上下文中判断单词的意思，不能认为自己知道的单词意思就是答案。另一种是推理判断题，这要求你答题时应根据所给材料的上下文，不能凭主观判断，也不能仅根据常识来判断。观点态度题一般来说，需要大家判断作者对文章中的问题所持的态度，要注意作者所使用的感情色彩较强的词。
做题要分步骤
你必须在理解了文章的意思之后，才能做题，这需要你阅读全盘。翻译题也属于阅读类，这类题考查考生正确理解原文并用汉语表达出来的能力，做题时，不要求“信、达、雅”。大家可以先阅读全文，分析语法结构，然后按条块翻译，再按汉语顺序写出并加以润色。针对现阶段大家的阅读能力，做阅读题时尽量采用先读试题再读文章的方法。这样考生可以充分利用自己的知识积累，不用看文章就可以答出部分试题，并且通过试题可以大致推测到文章的主题和内容。在知道文章的考查点之后，就能有的放矢地阅读文章，同时这样能够最大限度地节省时间，有时不用读完就能全部回答问题。通过先读题的方法大家还会发现，试题的顺序和文章的顺序大体上一致，从而为查找问题的出处提供信息。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理3
考研英语完型填空常见错误解析
完型填空不算是考研英语中最难的题型，相反，从真正意义上讲是所有题型中最简单的题型，但是考生往往会掉以轻心，跌进出题者设置的陷阱中，使得本来很简单的题型失分。那么今天咱们就以的完型填空试题为例，讲解陷阱的'设置，及如何不掉进陷阱。固定搭配陷阱
Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 41 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them alive and active.
[A] at [B] in [C] on [D] with
先看看41的这四个选项，第一直觉就选A。因为似乎记得有at rate这个短语。其实真正的固定搭配是at any rate，意思是“无论如何，不管怎样。”还有固定搭配是at this rate“照这样下去。”但是在这其实出题者考察的是with连接的一个定语从句，只有with可以表示“有”这层含义，所以，希望考生千万要看清楚上下文意思。注意出题者真正考察的是什么。本题正确选项是with。
上下文复现陷阱
When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
Successful safety programs may differ greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by observing rules or regulations.
[A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement
如上，43题，刚拿到题时不知道要选哪个，在紧接的下一段看到了regulation，这是考生以为找到答案了，殊不知，考生根本没看清楚，上下文的关系是否对应。很明显，第二段是总分段，第二段里的regulation是这个总概念中举例的一部分，与43题不能是对等位置，43题考察的是一个总的概念。所以不能以偏概全，而应该分析清楚43题真正的主语是什么。本题正确选项是 climate。
从句辨析陷阱
When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operations is established 44 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
[A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless
很多考生，不知道这个空应该填什么，动词后面是宾语从句，很轻易的判断是how。因为how可以引导宾语从句，what引导名词性从句必须单独做成分，（后面有time，说明不是what），unless引导时间状语从句，句中没时间所以排除。其实，这个是一个特殊的定语从句，关系副词where修饰先行词climate，只不过因为定语从句比较长，所以为了避免头重脚轻，将定语从句后置了。
近义词辨析陷阱
This may mean the difference between operating at 50 or at a loss.
50. [A] an advantage
[B] a benefit
[C] an interest
[D] a profit
在选择这个题的时候一定要近义词辨析，出题者一般会利用近义词，扰乱考生的思维，造成误判。这需要考生在平时的学习中记清楚每个短语的确切搭配。advantage: 指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处。benefit: 普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。 interest : 作“利益”解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。profit: 着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益。 这个题中A,B首先排除，因为它们和loss没有直接的互斥，所以选择C或者D，其中C在阅读中出现的频率比较高，但是注意其的用法，要用复数来表示利益。所以选择D.
总之，做完形填空，一定要秉承“精益求精”的精神，不然，很容易在无意间掉进陷阱，失去分数。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理4
商贸英语文书翻译中常见的错误
1.由港澳国际投资公司投资的海口电站工程因其建设速度和质量得到高度评价。原译文：The Haikou Power Station Project invested by the Hongkong-Macau International Investment Co., Ltd. was highly appraised1 for its construction speed and quality. 注：投资某项工程应为invest in a project，在被动语态中不能漏去前置词in。应译为：The Haikou Power Station Project invested in(在某些情况下可用financed or funded) by the Hongkong-Macau International Investment Co., Ltd. was highly appraised for its construction speed and quality.
2.上海SFECO拥有5个控股子公司。原译文：Shanghai SFECO Group has 5 share-holding companies. 注：share-holding company指控制或持有某公司股权的股东公司。上述译文意思是5个公司持有Shanghai SFECO Group的股份，换句话说，这5个公司是“老子”公司，因此显然不符合中文原意。应译为：Shanghai SFECO Group is a holding company of 5 subsidiary companies. 或Shanghai SFECO Group holds shares of 5 subsidiary companies
3.中国民生银行有限公司 原译文：China Minsheng Banking2 Corporation, Ltd. 注：corporation本身即为有限公司，相当于limited company，英译中无需再加“Ltd”。应译为：China Minsheng Banking Corporation
4.项目中标之后，我们将立即开始前期准备工作。原译文：After the bid is awarded, we shall immediately start our advance-phase preparation. 注：项目中标应为accept a bid or award the contract。显然上述译文把两种表达法相混淆了。应译为：After the bid is accepted (or the contract is awarded), we shall immediately start our advance-phase preparation.
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理5
什么情况下会发生部分倒装呢？
第一、“only+状语”置于句首。大家记住这种情况往往发生在only修饰状语的时候才会发生倒装，且以时间和方式状语为主，但是修饰主语的话是不需要倒装的。Only under special circumstances are freshmen permitted to take make-up tests. 另外一点需要注意的就是当only加各类状语从句置于句首时，是主句中的主谓必须倒装，而不是从句中的主谓倒装，且这一点与not until相同。Only when he had failed three times did he turn to me for advice. 这一点同学们一定要牢牢掌握，这在写作文当中运用的较多。
第二、句首中有否定词或否定短语时，句子要部分倒装。常见的否定词有：never, scarcely, seldom, rarely, no sooner…than…，但这时候也存在特例，假如否定词不是修饰整个句子，而只是限定句子主语，则不用倒装。例如：Not only I but also he has been there.
第三、固定形式。如：“So+a./adv.” 及“to the extent/degree”放在句首，表示程度，句子须倒装。举例：To such a degree did he go on with tedious speech that some of us began to yawn.
第四、在含有were, should, had的虚拟语气中，省去if后，须倒装。
最后还有在as引导的让步状语从句也会出现倒装的情况。
发生全部倒装的情况又有以下几种：
第一、介词短语形成的地点状语置于句首。这种情况遇到的较多，比如：On the ground lies a man whose leg is broken.
第二、Such位于句首。比如Such were his dreams as a boy.
第三、副词如out, in, along here, there等位于句首时。
第四、虚拟条件句的省略倒装：if引导的虚拟条件句中，如有were ( had , should ) , if则可省去，,把were，had，should提到主语前面，发生部分倒装。
例：Were I an angel, I would fly over the world and help those in need.这种情况也就是本文开篇所述的倒装形式。
第五、最后一种情况是在考研中出现较多，同学们也可以多多使用的形式，那就是表语置于句首的情况。举例：Gone are the days when you had to get dressed up to make an impression.
最后给大家布置一道作业，请分析下面这个倒装句的结构。
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.
1.考研英语中常见的各种结构短语
2.考研英语长难句高频句型：倒装句
3.2017考研英语长难句之倒装句
4.考研英语：玩转否定结构
5.2018考研英语：否定结构
6.考研英语试卷结构
7.考研英语阅读常见的题型总结
8.关于考研英语写作中常见的错误整理
9.考研英语复习常见的6大误区
10.2016考研英语阅读常见的12类题型
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理6
1. 审题不清，偏离主题。在考场上，许多考生处于时间的考虑，在在着手做写作部分时并未审清题目，且无构思的概念。这样的考生往往无从下笔或者毫无逻辑的开始着手写作，结果不是文不对题就是时间已过半，只好草草收场。
2. 准备工作不充分，考场慌乱易出错。许多考生都执着于考研写作的万能句子和及黄金模版，但部分考生对这些万能句子和模板复习时间及精力的投入不足，造成考场上各种慌乱中出现的错误。 且部分考生未能将已背会的万能句子灵活运用，造成复习知识的提取失败。
3. 汉语思维，中式英语。写作考查学生英语综合水平及能力，对学生综合能力要求较高。有的考生的英语遣词造句能力较差，在紧张的考场环境中，容易将汉语思维构思整篇写作。往往造成词不达意，思维表达混乱。
4. 固定搭配和用词习惯不当。英语语言的一大特点就是其丰富的习惯用语和固定搭配。英语中有大量的动词短语，介词短语，形容词短语，例如，部分考生经常会将 “spend much time in ...”(花费很多时间做某事)写成 “take much time in ...”; 再如，“帮某人一个忙”、“给某人恩惠” 应是“ do sb. a favour ”，部分考生可能会写成 “give sb a favour”。英语中的固定搭配及习惯用法有时看起来不符合逻辑，但却是地道用法。
5. 词汇量小，创造单词。平时词汇积累不够，能够运用在写作中的词汇量太少，好不容易知道如何运用但又无法正确拼写出来，结果只能用汉语拼音替代。除了部分词汇的拼写错误外，考生有时还会想当然而为之的自己“创造”单词。曾经就有考生将长城“The Great Wall”写成“ChangCheng”。这样在写作上“肆意妄为”，必然会导致成绩不太理想。
6. 句子成分逻辑混乱。由于受到母语结构的影响，考生易对句子成分的安排位置不当而造成逻辑混乱。例如，对句子主谓语及状语之间的位置安排不妥而造成的逻辑混乱：Our English class often told stories. 应改为：We often told stories in our English class。
7. 缺少及承上启下的句子和段落。文章的前后逻辑关系需要过渡词及过渡段落的使用。文章的逻辑性关乎着整篇文章的结构严谨，过渡词和过渡段落的使用可以使文章表达更合乎逻辑，文章紧凑。
There are at least three good reasons for this phenomenon. The spreading of foreign culture in our country in recent years may be the min reason. Many young people in our modern society have an open mind. Consequently, they are willing to accept new things. A lot of people have become richer and richer. They can pay for the expense to do that kind of things. There may be other reasons, but it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.
采用适当关联词，改进为：
There are at least three good reasons for this phenomenon. In the first place, the spreading of foreign culture in our country in recent years may be the min reason. Secondly, many young people in our modern society have an open mind. Consequently, they are willing to accept new things. Last but not least, a lot of people have become richer and richer. As result, they can pay for the expense to do that kind of things. There may be other reasons, but it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.
考研英语写作常见错误解析：
1) 主谓一致是考生必须在写作中要注意到的部分，例如：
误：A number of boy students is football fans.
正：A number of boy students are football fans.
误：The number of the students in this school have been increasing these years.
正：The number of the students in this school has been increasing these years.
误：The construction of the two new railway lines have been completed by now.
正：The construction of the two new railway lines has been completed by now.
主谓一致中的就近一致，例如：
误： There are a rubber and two pencils in the box.
正： There is a rubber and two pencils in the box.
误： There is a wide variety of people on the earth.
正： There are a wide variety of people on the earth.
2)时态语态，在不同的写作要求中，文章时态的使用必须要谨慎。
描述图画应该用进行时：
误：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals bind their disabled legs together and hold fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.
正：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals binding their disabled legs together and holding fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.
描述图表应该用过去时：
误：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number is increasing to 8 times from to .
正：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number increased to 8 times from 2000 to 2008.
误：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and . In 2008, cars with Japanese brands top the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands take 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.
正：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and 2009. In 2008, cars with Japanese brands topped the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands took 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.
在预测趋势的文章中，需要用一般将来时：
误：I believe then the relationship between people is harmonious and our society is a better place for us in the future.
正：I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us in the future.
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理7
道歉信
Dear …,
I must apologize to you for 主旨. It was very kind of you to give me such a good change. But now, much to my regret that I may not be able to continue to do it, because ….
If you should find our activities bothersome, please do not hesitate to let us know. It is due to my negligence, for which I can exceedingly sorry. The reason for my decision is that ….
Please accept my sincere apology for 主旨once more. I can very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of …. Besides, please give my regards to eberyone.
Sincerely yours,
Li ming
介绍信
Dear …,
Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce 人, from university of 学校. I would be grateful for anything you could do for him to 干什么.
人is an extremely enthusiastic and enterprising person. He has various practical experience for more than three years. I am sure that his participation will do a lot of help to your team.
人 will be arriving here on … and he will soon go to visit you after arrival. You can introduce the overall development of 单位/组织 to him, and then explore the details of cooperation. My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.
Yours sincerely,
Li ming
便签(请假条)
Dear…,
I am afraid that I won’t be … tonight because … and I plan to …. I had wanted to tell you that in person but you are not back yet. So I have to leave this note for you.
Besides I have …. So I won’t be …. Would you do me a favor by …in my … to the teacher? Thanks.
Take care of yourself.
Yours sincerely,
Li ming
英1、 cartoon
Nowadays,主旨has become a hot topic of the general public in our society especially for those who are faced with this situation. As is vividly illustrated in the pictures, SCO. The caption reads ,图下的标题翻译. On the contrary, SVO, we are informed that SVO. (this is …)
The cartoon descrikes a very common phenomenon in our society that SVO. The set of drawings above vividly depicts …
Having scrutinized the details of the pictures, we can discuss the implications. Subtly conveyed from it. This simple picture is wake-up call for the whole of then
发表评论：
Taking into account the factors above, we can safely draw a conclusion that SVO. On one hand, SVO. On the other hand, SVO. I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
举例：
After careful thinking and reflection, we come to understand the enlightening picture step by step. It can be given a concrete example, SVO. Another good case in point is that SVO. In my belief, 主旨 is extremely significant to all of us in our society.
措施：
Then, how should we solve this problem? There may be of some measures which can be taken immediately. For one thing, we should appeal to the government to make relevant laws and regulations to 限主旨想相关. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that 主题 is vital to us. Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a brighter future.
英2
It is generally believed that 词 is a hot topic which is most talked about. As we can see from the table,第一图主旨 increased decreased sharply from 数字in 时间 to 数字 in 时间(第二图)steeply(slowly/slightly) while
This is something we should give more thought to.
趋势：(正负面皆可)
Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the table / chart will undergo a continuous increase /decrease in the near future. The time is right for us to take full advantage for ample existing opportunities. We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal, but achievring some remains well within the realm of possibility.
健康问题(good health)
In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly.(如何做)
On the individual level, his exercise improve his health and mood as well. On the social level, the improvement in quality of life contributes vastly to a harmonious society. (意义)
产品对消费者的伤害 对国家
On the micro level, consumers are vastly hurt by these products, which might even be life-threatening. On the macro level, if low-quality products continue to spread, they will damage the normal function of healthy market economy.
虚假宣传
Their emergence dues to the negative effect of a growing market economy. False advertisement seems to be most convenient to attract clients and increase profit.
Private cars (私家车)
The majority of people indulge in the convenience brought by cars while forgetting their harmful impact on the atmosphere.
To improve and beautify the environment / human exploitation of natural resources has caused destruction that is for beyond our imagination.
教育
In my opinions, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system in which new educational concepts are introduced. Only by new teaching methods can we cultivate children into talents and elites who will meet the requirements of our society.
正直诚实：
好处:1、enable honest person to succeed in work and life. 获得成功
2、to work honestly to attain one’s life goal. 实现人生目标
3、to enhance reputation of a country.
坚持：(成功)
1、 no accomplishment can be achieved in a short time, and success needs efferts.
2、 Success is founded on the basis of patient pursuit +定语从句
Olympic game
好处：
1、 it can be a tremendous momentum pushing the country’s development
2、 when equipped with willingness, spurring people to overcome any difficulty and conquer any challenge.
献爱心(灾区、世博)
好处、意义：
1、 contributing money and other necessities to people in need is a goal way to express human love. It reflects the sense of social responsibility.
2、 It also express a feeling from deep with one’s heart.
3、 A harmonious society is based on a sound relationship,
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理8
状语的语法错误主要有以下几种：
A.误用原形动词，必须改为不定式动名词、动名词、过去分词
我来寻找合作机会。
×I came look for cooperation chances.
√I came tolook for cooperation chances.
已经派一个工作组去美国搜集信息。
×A working group is sent to America collect information.
√A working group is sent to America to collect information.
B.词类用错
我非常喜欢中国。(very不能修饰动词)
×I very like China.
√I like China very much.
那个骄傲的女孩对人很冷淡。
(形容词不能修饰动词，必须改为副词)
×The proud girl teats others very cold.
√The proud girl teats others coldly.
C.状语位置放错
狗每晚叫三次。
×The dog every night barks three times.
√The dog barks three times every night.
√Every night the dog barks three times.
两人向大楼跑去。
×The two men towards the building ran.
√The two men ran towards the building.
E.状语从句中的时态用错
当她将来回来时把我的袋子递给她。
×Pass my bag to her when she will come home.
√Pass my bag to her when she comes home.
在他半来问你之前，最好保持沉默。
×You’d better keep silent before he will ask you anything.
√You’d better keep silent before he asks you anything.
作者|丹丹英语
公众号：英语语法学习
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理9
3)可数名词与不可数名词，名词的单复数，例如：
误：Large quantities of food have been stored for the winter.
正：Large quantities of food has been stored for the winter.
误：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others areessential to their development. (is)
正：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others isessential to their development.
4)介词搭配，例如：
误：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen of on her way home.
正：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen from her on her way home.
Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed of her on her way home.
误：For my part, I agree to the latter opinion for the following reasons.
正：For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons.
误：We agreed to leaving there the next day.
正：We agreed on leaving there the next day.
5) 单词大小写及拼写错误，在写作中，题目的大小写(除冠词、连词和介词外， 其他词原则上都应该第一个字母大写);例如：
误：Human needs and wants
正：Human Needs and Wants
误：He said, “he is going to Shanghai next week”.
正：He said, “He is going to Shanghai next week”.
6)专有名词(人名，地名，书名)和缩写字母要大写;头衔在专有名词前要大写，在专有名词后则小写;例如：
误：Caption smith
正：Caption Smith/Smith, the captain
误：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.
正：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.
7)分清及物动词与不及物动词，例如：
误：He arrived Paris the day before yesterday.
正：He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
8)被动语态与主动语态，例如：
误：The question is hard to be understood.
正：The question is hard to understand.
9 )词类混淆，将动词或形容词误作名词用，将名词或动词误作形容词用等。例如：
误：It's becoming difficulty to remember things for her.
正：It's becoming difficult to remember things for her.
误：There was no difficult in persuading her.
正：There was no difficulty in persuading her.
10)冠词，情态动词，介词，代词等方面的应用，例如：
误：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create a enthusiastic environment for our society.
正：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create an enthusiastic environment for our society.
误：As a result, they can paid for the expense to do that kind of things.
正：As a result, they can pay for the expense to do that kind of things.
11) 标点符号，写文章时，切忌从头到尾只用逗号的现象，每完成一句话，需要正确的使用标点符号来标注出。同时也要注意正确使用逗号和分号。例如：
误：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work, such as the tank workers, while some people use the computer to play games, for example, some old person like to play game on computer.
正：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work. Such as the tank workers. While some people use the computer to play games. For example, some old person like to play game on computer.
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理10
考研英语中的常见倒装结构
长难句是考研英语文章中最常见的“拦路虎”， 所以我们总是要先把所谓的三大从句搞清楚，但是当我们把从句够清楚后，发现还是有一些句子会让我们丈二摸不到头脑，现在老师就和大家谈谈考研英语长难句中的倒装这一特殊结构。
其实英语中的“倒装”一般指的是句子中主语和谓语在位置上的颠倒，正常情况下，谓语一定要放在主语的后面，比如：I like watching the romantic movies in my spare time. He is a famous teacher in this university. 这两个句子里，谓语like跟在主语I后面，同样，is跟在he后面。
但在一些特殊的语法规则下，主谓的位置会发生变化。比如下面这两个句子：
In the mountain lives the old man.
Only in the mountain does the old man live.
显然这两个句子里都存在谓语动词出现在主语old man前的结构，那么这就是所谓的倒装。但是我们也会发现这里有不同，第一个句子倒的是lives；而第二个句子倒的是助动词does，而真正的谓语live依然在主语the old man 的后面。所以第二个句子是倒装吗？那和第一个句子的倒装种类一样吗？
其实，在英语中最常见的倒装结构从大的'方向就两种：全倒装和半倒装，在这里上面的第一个句子就是全倒装，而第二个句子就是所谓的半倒装；共同点都是倒谓语动词，但是倒装的部分有区别。全倒是把整个谓语动词包括它对应的助动词形式全部放在主语前：lives 的谓语动词其实是live （动词本身）+ does（对应的第三人称形式）；而半倒装只是把谓语动词对应的助动词倒到主语的前面，而谓语动词本身位置不发生变化，正如上面的Only in the mountain does the old man live.
我们先要分清动词本身与它对应的形式，如下列举：（以动词watch为例）
Watch―― do
Watched―― did
Watches―― does
Has/have watched―― has/have
Had watched―― had
Can watch ―― can
搞清了所谓的谓语动词以及对应的助动词形式，那么全倒装和半倒装的问题就解决了大半，剩下的问题就是什么时候全倒，什么时候半倒。下面我们把常见的全倒装和半倒装的规则进行一下整理：
1. 全倒装：
―― 谓语动词放置在主语之前
An old man lives in the city center.
= In the city center lives an old man.
A temple stands on the mountain.
= On the mountain stands a temple.
强调句中的地点，方向的副词或状语时需要全倒装！
1） up， down， away， in， out， off ， under 等置于句首时；
In came a number of boys and girls talking and laughing.
一群孩子边说边笑走了进来。
2） Here，there，now， then， thus， hence 置于句首时而主语不是人称代词时；
There goes a bus.
一辆公车从那边开过来。
2. 半倒装：
（1）句首出现否定词 never， nor， seldom， little， hardly， scarcely， rarely， few等
I never trust you.
= Never do I trust you.
He seldom believes the information from the Internet.
= Seldom does he believe the information from the Internet.
（2）否定词组在句首
He no longer works for the money， but for the personal development.
= No longer does he work for the money， but for the personal development.
常见词组：On no account， at no time， by no means， in no case， under no circumstance， in no way，on no account， on no consideration， no longer， not only等。
（3） only+状语/状语从句在句首
We can achieve the goal only in this way.
= Only in this way can we achieve the goal.
（a） Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.
（b） Only when the meeting was over was he able to meet his friend.
（4） so 或so引导的短语放在句首要部分倒装
He saw the film. So did she.
- She is a student.
- So am I.
He ran so fast that we couldn‘t catch up with him.
= So fast did he run that we couldn‘t catch up with him.
She speaked so loudly that everyone could hear her clearly.
= So loudly did she speak that everyone could hear her clearly.
Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role， too ― and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday‘s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.
（5）让步状语从句的倒装
Although I am young， I can live by myself.
= Young as I am， I can live by myself.
= Young though I am， I can live by myself.
Although he is a child， he has learned to earn a living.
= Child as he is， he has learned to earn a living.
= Child though he is， he has learned to earn a living.
Although I like you very much， ……
= Much as I like you，……
= Though as I like you， ……
Odd though it sounds， cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics， and many astrophysics have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
特殊句型
Hardly …when…
No sooner…than…
一……就……
No sooner（Hardly） had we reached home than （when） it began to rain.
Hardly had the football match begun when it started snowing.
No sooner had he arrived at the station than the train began to leave.
以上就是英语中常见的倒装结构，大家只要把倒装的概念以及规则搞清楚，然后把主语和谓语的位置转化成原来的位置，就可以了。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理11
一、写作常见问题主要分三大类：文不对题、无话可说、拖泥带水
1、文不对题
这类问题在考研英语中可谓是“常客”，比如英语(二)的小作文，其要求如下：Suppose you won a translation content and your friend Jack wrote a e-mail to congratulate you， and ask advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1) thank him， and; 2)give your advice.
上述题目是一个祝贺信和建议信的综合考查，但很多考生却犯了“丢三落四”的错误，有的考生只抓住了祝贺这一点，有的考生只给出了相应的建议，最终都因缺少内容而失分。
针对以上问题，考生需要做的就是把握好考研应用文的类型，明晰各类型特征，这样才能在考试时避开审题不清导致的文不对题的问题。
2、无话可说
对于多数考生而言，英语写作最难的不是看不懂题，而是看懂题后不知道写什么。
纵观历年写作真题涉及的话题：社会，环境，文化，教育，就业等。
以英语(一)大作文为例，图中两个人面对打翻的水瓶，一个人悲观地说全完了，另一个人庆幸还剩点儿。
其实从两个人说话的语气就能得出考查的主题，但是，很多同学就仅局限于“悲观和乐观”这两个字眼，无法就其展开叙述，最终以字数不够而失分。
作为选拔性的考试，考研英语出题还是较为贴近现实，只要考生平时注意观察生活，善于积累和思考，考场上基本不会无话可说。
3、拖泥带水
“字数不够，胡拼乱凑”，这可真是很多考生考试时的真实写照。
考研英语小作文要100字左右，大作文因英语(一)和英语(二)有别，分别是160-200字左右和150字左右。但是即使这么少的字数，很多考生出于对自身词汇量、语法能力、造句水平的担忧就随意拼凑字数，生怕因为字数不够而失分，结果，字数达到要求的同时文章却偏离了主题，废话连篇。
要解决这类问题，一是考生平时要严格要求自己，尽量不写废话，围绕主题恰当展开即可，切不可为凑字数而胡乱堆砌;二是考生平时备考时要训练自己的思维能力，掌握考研英语的写作技巧，避免写出“裹脚布”般的文章。
二、常见的低级错误，请自行入座
1、主谓一致
作文中最常见的低级错误就是主谓一致，看起来虽然是很简单的语法知识，可是在有限的考试中，很多粗心的同学都出现好几个这种错误。
例如：Learning from books in a formal educational setting are also valuable. 这句话中谓语动词are和主语Learning from books 就没有对应，主语作为动名词短语，谓语应该用单数 is，本来一个很好的句子因为一个小错误就大打折扣。
因此在写复杂的长句时，要在完成句子后进行检查，看看自己的谓语动词是否规范，是否遵循了一句话里只能一个谓语的原则。
2、时态
时态上推荐同学们全篇除个别句子尽量使用一种时态，比如三种特别上手的时态：一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。无论大小作文都可以用到，但一定要注意书写的格式，不能出错;其次如果想提高作文档次，运用一些高大上的时态，也要挑比较把握的时态来写，最常见的是现在完成时及相关的时态。
3、名词的单复数、是否可数
第三点需要注意到就是名词的单复数和是否可数的问题，写作中名词是组成句子的核心成分，，稍不留神就会将关键词写错，这些要在平时积累勤加练习。
如：phenomenon这个比较常见的词，它的复数形式并非直接加s，而是需要特殊变化为：phenomena，名词的单复数同样也会对后面的谓语动词有影响，因此在写作中要格外注意。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理12
中国人学英语总是受到汉语的干扰。英语写作是语法概念、词汇知识、修辞手法等交流手段的综合运用。缺乏对英语习惯表达法的了解及缺少写作技巧的基本训练，英语写作中就会出现各种错误。下面笔者将学生作文中最普遍的错误作一归类整理,以便对症下药，排除干扰，用地道的英语表达自己的观点。
一、结构错误
1. There be 句型拖泥带水。如：
There is an old sentence says “Practice makes perfect.”
学生作文中常爱引用一句谚语或格言来开头,于是在There be句型后紧跟着又出现了一个谓语动词。实际上,要表示“常言道”英语中有现成的说法，如：“As the saying goes”,“As a proverb has it”等。还有些学生的作文开头就是“There has different ideas about...”，连基本的“There be”句型也被改造了。
2. 误用平行结构。所谓平行结构，或对称结构(Parallelism)，是指用相同的语法结构表示几个意思上密切相关内容的修辞手法。这一修辞手法极其有用，使用得当，可使句子结构紧凑，对称协调，语意鲜明，逻辑性强。但是，许多学生由于对这种修辞手法知之甚少，对其对称照应的特点掌握不好，常常写出一些结构不均衡，文意欠通顺，逻辑混乱的句子。如：
My summer's work proved not only interesting but I also learned much from it.
She has fallen in love with him not because he is handsome but that he is diligent.
3. 出现“悬垂结构”。在一个句子中，修饰语必须清楚地修饰句中某个词或短语，如果它不修饰句中的任何成分，而处于悬浮状态，这样的修饰语即为悬垂结构(Dangling Element)。如：
Climbing up the tower, the whole city came into our view.
(1)悬垂分词
误： Being Sunday, they went for a picnic.
正： It being Sunday, they went for a picnic.
正： As it was Sunday, they went for a picnic.
(2)悬垂不定式
误：To swim properly, a course of instruction was necessary.
正：To swim properly, one needs a course of instruction.
(3)悬垂简式从句
误：When a middle school student, his parents were very strict with him.
正：When he was a middle school student, his parents were very strict with him.
二、意义错误
英语句子的意义错误产生于用词不当，用词不当又产生于不懂词义或片面理解，根子是完全依赖中文字面释义，不顾词性内涵、前后搭配等而张冠李戴。
1. 词性误用。
We all know that fail is the mother of succeed. (fail的名词形式为failure; succeed的名词形式为success)
Make our cities greener is important. Plant trees and flowers is the best measure to obtain the goal.(应改用动名词短语作主语Making...和Planting...)
People can through the Internet to get information. (错把介词through当动词用。宜改为：People can get information through the Internet.)
2. 词语赘用。
词语赘用就是在文章中使用了多余的字(useless words)、或用了大词(big words)，雅词(elegant words)，形成了废话(dead word)，使文章组织不严密，内容模糊不清。如：
Before we began to carry out the open-policy, my home town was a poor, backward, shabby, ugly and undeveloped place. 此句过多地使用了一些带有贬义的形容词，如此描述，使人不能不感到作者似乎对自己的家乡眷恋不足，厌倦有余。为何出现这种词语多余的现象呢？
(1)(语言)心理负担过重。写作时，惟恐所表达的意思不完整，语言不完美，于是就接二连三地使用一些意思相同或相近的词语，结果破坏了句子的简洁性。我们在写作实践中务必用词准确、简练，使所表达的内容清楚明白。
(2)受汉语影响。在汉语写作中，人们经常使用“修饰语＋中心词”这一公式，如：“残酷剥削”、“野蛮侵略”。受这种汉语措辞的影响，不少学生写出的英语就显得简练不足。
3. 词语搭配不当。
何为搭配？语言学家JR.Firth(1957)将搭配定义为词汇间的相互关联(You shall know a word by the company it keeps.)。Halliday&Cowie都强调搭配是词语的“共现”。需指出的是词汇之间的搭配基本上是约定俗成的，没有什么道理可讲。英语中的习惯搭配范围很广,种类很多。常见的有:(1)名词和动词的搭配:英语中有些名词常常与某些动词搭配使用。例如:“获得胜利”为win the victory,而“获得知识”则是acquire knowledge。又如:表示“在字典中查单词”,我们可说look up a word in the dictionary,但表示“查字典”却不能说look up a dictionary,而应说refer to a dictionary或consult a dictionary ； (2)形容词和名词的搭配:英语中形容词和名词搭配的现象也很普遍。例如:形容女子美丽,我们常用beautiful或pretty,但形容男子漂亮时,我们则须用handsome或smart。又如:strong和powerful为同义词,我们只能说strong tea和 a powerful car;反之,则不能被接受； (3)动词和副词的习惯搭配:英语中动词和副词的习惯搭配也比比皆是。例如:要表示“笑逐颜开”,一般说smile broadly而不说smile widely，同样,要表示“他大量地出汗”时,可以说:He sweated profusely， 而要表示“他大量地引用本书”时,则须说He drew heavily on the book； (4)介词的一些习惯搭配:英语中有些动词或形容词后、名词前要呼应不同的介词,形成习惯搭配。例如:可以说：Somebody is familiar with something。
三、 表达方式错误
懂得了语法，掌握了语义，写起文章来还有表达方式对不对、好不好的问题，在这方面，汉语同样会干扰英语。有的学生的文章生硬晦涩，读起来好象骨鲠在喉，吞不下去，这多半是由于打不破汉语的牢笼。My English base is still very poor. (宜改为：I’m poor at English. / My English is poor.)
Last year an extremely big flood which happen once in scores of years took place in many parts of our country. (宜改为：Last year many parts of China were visited by the worst flood in scores of years.)
This year my listening skills have made much progress.(宜改为：I have made great progress in my listening this year.)
建议:
1. 学习英语受到汉语干扰是必然的,不应埋怨而应努力减少干扰,排除干扰。教师在教学过程中要注意发现这方面的问题，并采取积极有效的措施，满腔热忱地帮助指导学生克服母语干扰的障碍。不妨有针对性地向学生介绍一些基本的翻译知识，引导他们自觉地走出“牛角尖”。
2. 从学生角度看，要在学习过程中不断注意纠正自己在运用英语时依赖汉语的不良习惯。如：学习词汇时，不要简单地和词典上的汉语释义一一对应。词是语音、意义和语法特点三者统一的整体，词又是语句的基本结构单位(陆国强1986)。了解一个词(knowing a word)就要学习它的意义(包括上下文意义和意义关系)；词的使用(包括修辞和习语、固定搭配、文体和语意)；词的信息(包括词性，前缀和后缀，拼写和发音)；这个词的语法(包括名词的可数不可数；动词互补，词组动词；形容词、副词的位置等)。(Harmer,1990)
语言这东西，不下苦功难学好。英语写作没有什么“秘诀”可言，我们必须加强阅读，并在阅读时留心观察，细心模仿。词汇、句型和表达方式见得多了也就熟了，使用时也会信手拈来。Practice makes perfect的道理用在语言学习中似乎是更适用的。只要处处留心，打开思路，就能在实践中一步步克服Chinglish倾向，使自己的英语日益趋于地道、纯正。 (全文完)
(文/张树勇； 英语辅导报)
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理13
考研英语完型复习 常见错误解析
完型填空不算是考研英语中最难的题型，相反，从真正意义上讲是所有题型中最简单的题型，但是考生往往会掉以轻心，跌进出题者设置的陷阱中，使得本来很简单的题型失分。
固定搭配陷阱
Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 41 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them alive and active.
[A] at [B] in [C] on [D] with
先看看41的这四个选项，第一直觉就选A。因为似乎记得有at rate这个短语。其实真正的固定搭配是at any rate，意思是“无论如何，不管怎样。”还有固定搭配是at this rate“照这样下去。”但是在这其实出题者考察的是with连接的一个定语从句，只有with可以表示“有”这层含义，所以，希望考生千万要看清楚上下文意思。注意出题者真正考察的是什么。本题正确选项是with。
上下文复现陷阱
When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
Successful safety programs may differ greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by observing rules or regulations.
[A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement
如上，43题，刚拿到题时不知道要选哪个，在紧接的下一段看到了regulation，这是考生以为找到答案了，殊不知，考生根本没看清楚，上下文的关系是否对应。很明显，第二段是总分段，第二段里的regulation是这个总概念中举例的一部分，与43题不能是对等位置，43题考察的是一个总的概念。所以不能以偏概全，而应该分析清楚43题真正的主语是什么。本题正确选项是 climate。
从句辨析陷阱
When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operations is established 44 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
[A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless
很多考生，不知道这个空应该填什么，动词后面是宾语从句，很轻易的判断是how。因为how可以引导宾语从句，what引导名词性从句必须单独做成分，(后面有time，说明不是what)，unless引导时间状语从句，句中没时间所以排除。其实，这个是一个特殊的定语从句，关系副词where修饰先行词climate，只不过因为定语从句比较长，所以为了避免头重脚轻，将定语从句后置了。
近义词辨析陷阱
This may mean the difference between operating at 50 or at a loss.
50. [A] an advantage
[B] a benefit
[C] an interest
[D] a profit
在选择这个题的.时候一定要近义词辨析，出题者一般会利用近义词，扰乱考生的思维，造成误判。这需要考生在平时的学习中记清楚每个短语的确切搭配。 advantage: 指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处。benefit: 普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。 interest : 作“利益”解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。profit: 着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益。 这个题中A,B首先排除，因为它们和loss没有直接的互斥，所以选择C或者D，其中C在阅读中出现的频率比较高，但是注意其的用法，要用复数来表示利益。所以选择D.
总之，做完形填空，一定要秉承“精益求精”的精神，不然，很容易在无意间掉进陷阱，失去分数。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理14
1.标点符号错误
标点符号使用错误的现象，在考研英语的小作文中表现的尤为突出。
①称呼后面应该使用逗号，而非句号，且不加标点符号也是错误的，如：Dear Mr Wang
②Yours后面应该加逗号，正确的形式应该是：Yours,
③落款后面不加标点符号，很多同学在写小作文的时候都习惯性的点上一点，但这一点在英文中就是句号的代表。此外，在大作文中也有许多同学出现一句话没有写完，就直接使用句号的情况，这是不对的。
2.单词拼写错误
单词拼写的错误，在阅卷英语老师看来是最不该范的错误。在这块要想获得提高，就只能平时认真的多背单词了。
3.大小写的问题
在写作中，会涉及到首字母大小写的一般有两个地方：
①每一句话的第一个单词，首字母应该大写;
②题目中的第一个单词和最后一个单词的首字母应该大写。而在题目的中间部分，如果是实词，首字母就要大写，如果是虚词，则不用。但是考研英语的大作文是不用写题目的，因而不会涉及到题目中单词首字母大小写的问题。
4.语法问题
①介词使用不当
在一个词组中，具体应该使用什么介词，取决于这个词组的固定搭配，而不是随意而为之。如：
I am writing this letter to express my suggestions about how to improve
Students’ physical condition.
“对…提出建议”应该是give suggestions on…,原文中使用介词about并不恰当，不符合常用表达。
②缺少谓语动词
The students in good health.
我们都知道，“主+谓+宾”是一个句子最基本的结构，缺一不可。如果谓语动词是系动词，那这个句子就是典型的“主+系+表”的结构了。上面的这个句子有主语the students,有介词短语in good health,但是很明显缺少系动词，正确的句子形式应该是The students are in good health.
③名词的复数
当名词在句子中表达的是复数的含义的时候，一定要使用它的复数形式，如：
I have some suggestion to you.
在这句话中，前置定语some已经说明了suggestion是复数形式了，应该加-s,suggestions才对。
④情态动词后使用动词原形
First of all, you can organization about ourdoor.
在这个句子中，can是情态动词，后面应该使用动词原形organize，组织户外活动是organize outdoor activitis.这句话的正确表达是First of all, you can organize ourdoor activities.
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理15
英语书面表达常见错误分析及高分技巧指导
英语书面表达常见错误分析及高分技巧指导河南省商水第一高级中学教学与备考研究室
王祥玉
邮编：466100??????E-mail：ssygwxy@
经过近五年的高考评卷，结合长期的毕业班教学实践，笔者发现，在英语写作方面，同学们出现一些常见的类似错误，为便于少走弯路，科学备考，轻松得高分，
特总结分析如下：
一?书面表达常见错误
㈠??文章的格式混乱：主要表现为段落不清，层次不明。
(1)四边留空：卷面的四边一定要留出适当的空白。这样的文章才能整齐、美观，给人以清晰、明快的感觉。
(2)空格：文章的每段的首行一定要有统一的空格。
㈡?大小写方面的错误
在评改过程中，有关大小写方面的错误层出不穷，这是考生的一个弱点。一般来说，大写规则有以下几条：
（1）大写每句话的第一个字母和直接引语的第一字母,如：He?said?,“He?is?going?to?Shanghai?next?week”.
(2)?大写专有名词，或用作专有名词的部分普通名词，通常是缩略形式。如：Dr?G?.?G?.?East
(3)??大写缩写字母。如：MPA?,MBA?,BBC
(4)?文章标题要大写。
(5)??头衔在专有名词前要大写，在专有名词后就小写。例如：Captain?Smith?--------Smith,the?captain?Uncle?George--------?George?,my?uncle四、标点符号错误及分析
（6）一定要注意正确使用标点符号，切忌从头到尾只用逗号的现象。一定要熟练掌握常用标点符号的基本用法，尤其要正确使用逗号和分号。
㈢?理解错误。
有些考生错误的把题目中所给的汉语提纲直接译成了英语。也有的考生在看图作文时没能正确理解题意。
㈣?文不对题。
有些考生一味将自己会写的东西堆砌在一起，而没有紧扣主题，以致于下笔千言，离题万里。且言多必失，错误百出。
㈤?语法错误
主要表现在单复数，人称，时态，语态，结构，搭配和拼写等等。
【错例1】It?was?my?turn，I?was?very?nervous?.
【分析】这是一种“句子逗号句子”的错误。按照英文语法，句子与句子之间应有连接词连接。此句的`正确表达应为：When?it?was?my?turn，I?was?very?nervous。/It?was?my?turn?and?I?was?very?nervous?。
【错例2】Every?time?when?I?went?to?her?house?，she?was?out
【分析】every?time是从属连词，引导时间状语从句，。故应去掉when。类似的还有：each?time，the?moment，the?minute，?the?instant，directly?，immediately?等等。此外，词组?the?first?time，the?last?time，the?next?time，?by?the?time?，all?the?time?也可直接引导时间状语从句。
【错例3】I?and?Li?Ming?went?up?to?her
【分析】英语人称代词排列顺序可按下面的顺口溜记忆：
单数2，3，1（you?，he?and?I）?，?复数1，2，3；（we?，you?and?they）
都是三人称，????女后男在先（he?and?she?）；
若是有过失，????主动要承担?；
单数1，3，2（I，?he?and?you?），??复数3?，2?，1（they?，you?and?we）；
晚辈与动物??，??我须放在前?（I?and?my?son；I?and?the?dog）；
人称排列好??，???你会用语言?。
所以上句错例应改为：Li?Ming?and?I?went?up?to?her（六）汉语式英语
㈥??汉语式英语
学生在写书面表达时，易受汉语习惯的影响，所写句子虽然语法正确，但不符合英语表达习惯。
A?谓语型：?近来，我们村发生了很大的变化。
【误】Recently?our?village?has?taken?place?great?changes?.
【正】Recently?great?changes?have?taken?place?in?our?village
B主语型:???她花五元钱买了一本词典.
【误】she?cost?five?yuan?to?buy?a?dictionary.
【正】It?cost?him?five?yuan?to?buy?a?dictionary?/?The?dictionary?cost?him?five?yuan?.
动词 使用场合 主语
Cost 花金钱 物?/?it
Spend 花金钱?/?时间 人
Take 花时间 it
Pay 花金钱 人
C??表语型:
1?将定语误用作表语.
【误】His?friends?are?few他的朋友少
【正】He?has?few?friends?.
2误用表语
【误】The?population?of?China?is?many?.中国人口多.
【正】the?population?of?China?is?large
解析?:?在用number?,population?,amount?,salary?,audience等用large,small作表语
㈦?时间不够
有的学生作文水平很高,可惜没有把全文写完整,有的甚至一半还没有写完,也许时间分配不合理,致使前松后紧,?给作文留的时间太少.。
二?高分技巧指导
㈠?句式多变，语法活用
句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
①主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The?sun?rises?up?in?the?east?and?sets?in?the?west.
②?主语+不及物动词+副词
This?kind?of?wine?drinks?well?and?sells?well.
③?主语+谓语+介词+宾语
He?hates?to?argue?with?his?wife?about?such?small?matters
④?主语+系动词+形容词
Good?medicine?tastes?bitter?to?the?mouth.
⑤主语+谓语+直接宾语
This?factory?produces?1000?cars?a?week.
⑥主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He?wrote?his?family?a?letter?yesterday.
⑦?主语+谓语+宾语+宾补?(to?do)
I?will?get?someone?to?repair?the?recorder?for?you.
He?invited?me?to?teach?at?a?well-known?university.
⑧主语+谓语+宾语+宾补?(do)
I?often?hear?her?sing?the?song.
The?boss?made?workers?work?15?hours?a?day.
&nb
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理16
考研英语应用作文常见错误及指导
考研英语写作分为PART A 和PARTB两部分，所占分值比例英语一分别为10分，20分，英语二分别为10分，15分。PARTA即短文写作，也就是我们所说的小作文。那么，大家可以发现，小作文无论在英语一还是英语二，在分值比例上，写作要求上都是一样的。而小作文最常考查的形式为应用文，即书信。其实书信写作对于广大考生来说并不陌生，大学英语四六级中书信写作是常考题型。但是老师在辅导学生作文过程中发现，学生的书信写作还存在诸多问题。
首先，格式上的错误。书信的称呼，正确的格式应该是“Dear…,”，而很多考生不用Dear，而且一般都是写成“Dear…:”。另外，在考研英语写作中不需要写日期，最后书信的落款是“LiMing”，而不是自己的姓名。考生不注意书信的格式，后果就是扣分严重。
其次，审题不认真，内容离题。一直以来，在写作之前我们都跟学生强调要审题，很多考生一直不注意这点，也有的认为书信没有什么值得仔细审读的.。但是最后的后果就是，内容偏离题目要求。小作文要如何审题呢?首先要仔细阅读题目所提供的情景，确定写信人和收信人的关系即写信人的身份，进而确定书信的口气，这样才能满足大纲中对写作语域的要求。另外，还需要注意情景发生的时间和背景，注意书信的时态。
在重点备考书信写作的同时，提醒考生们千万不能忽视其它类型的写作，比如通知、备忘录等。小作文种类繁多，但是只要有正确的思路和方法，再加上多写、多练、多改，一定可以攻克。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理17
1.中国学生经常受中文使用习惯的影响，将“系表型(或者状态型)”谓语中的系动词漏掉。
例如：
她很高。
╳She very tall.
√She is very tall.
太阳很大。
╳The sun very big.
√The sun is very big.
我们在家里。
╳we at home.
√we are at home.
2.经常忘记或者弄错主语和谓语，在人称、数方面要求一致的问题。
例如：
Lily不吃牛肉。
╳Lily don’t eat beef.
√Lily doesn’t eat beef.
他想去看电视。
╳He want to watch TV.
√He wants to watch TV.
3.经常错误地将原形动词作表语，一般要改成不定式。
例如：
你的任务是清理房间。
╳You task is clean rooms.
√Your task is to clean rooms.
我们的一个想法是给他一个Apple Watch。
╳One of our thoughts is give her an Apple Watch.
√One of our thoughts is to give her an Apple Watch.
作者|丹丹英语
公众号：英语语法学习
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理18
英语作文常见错误分析
文章摘要：他的儿子也有点奇怪：小树长高了，可是自己长得却不如小树长得高了，这是为什么呢;有红，白，绿，紫，五光十色。中考英语作文十大常见错误分析还有那爬动的八只脚和那来回摇晃的大钳子。在这场战争中，许多医务人员都不幸被感染了，叶欣、邓练贤等医务人员更是为此而付出了生命，在这场战争中体现了作为一个医务人员应有的救死扶伤的精神；
一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体，任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而，很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意，或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现名词不变复数、第三人称单数不加s，前后不一致，以及时态语态、句子完整性等方面的错误。
1.审题不清
如中考作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动，有些考生将作文的主题定位为“我最喜欢的活动”，偏离了“一项、课外活动”这一主题。依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被判为零分。
2.拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分，而且有大量拼写错误存在的`作文不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达，通常会降低作文的档次。
3.名词单复数问题：
误Myfatherandmymotherisallteacher.
正Myfatherandmymotherarebothteachers.
4.缺少动词
在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的，但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成，如：“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语，而用形容词，但英语形容词不能作谓语，一定要写成：I‘mtired.
误IhappyIcancometoBeijingZoo.
正IamhappyIcancometoBeijingZoo.
误Theapplescheap.I’lltakesome.
正Theapplesarecheap.I‘lltakesome.
5.缺少介词、冠词等
还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法，不了解中英文语言习惯的不同，也会出现明显的错误，造成丢分现象。
误Becauseheavyrainwecan’tholdthesportsmeeting.
正Becauseoftheheavyrainwecan‘tholdthesportsmeeting.
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理19
To be 结构
Ask sb. to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事
Tell sb to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事
Help sb ( to) do sth. 协助做某事
Want sb to do sth. 想要做某事
Wish sb to do sth. 希望做某事
Invite sb. to do sth. 约请某人做某事
Drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事
Expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事
Forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事
Force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
Hope to do sth. 希望做某事
Offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事
Plan to do sth. 方案做某事
Prepare to do sth. 预备做某事
Pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事
Promise to do sth. 容许做某事
refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事
Fail to do sth. 未能做某事
Happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
Need sb to do sth. 需要某人做某事
Need doing =need to be done. 某事需要被做
Advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
Advise doing sth. 建议做某事
Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事
-ing 结构
Consider doing sth. 思索做某事
Enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
Escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
Finish doing sth. 完成做某事
Give up doing sth. 保持做某事
Imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
Mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Practice doing sth. 练习做某事
Prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
Put off doing sth. 推延做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
Forbid doing sth. 制止做某事
Forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
既 +to 又 +ing
remember to do sth. 记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
Forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
Forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
regret to do sth. 遗憾地(要)做某事 (还未做呢)
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(已经做过了)
Try to do sth. 努力做谋事,尽力做某事，但不一定成功
Try doing sth. 试图做谋事
Stop to do 表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情
Stop doing 表示停止现在在做的事情
Mean to do sth. 计划做某事
Mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
Can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某
Can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
Go on to do sth. 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事
Go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事
Do 动词原形
Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Make sth. done 使某事完成
Have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Have sth done 做完某事
See sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
See sb doing 看人某人正在做
Hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事
Hear sb doing 听见某人正在做
Listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事
Listen sb doing sth 听着某人正在做
Look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事
Watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事
Feel sb. do sth. 觉得某人做某事
双宾语
Give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物
Tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
Borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
Lend sth to sb 借某物给某人
Buy sth for sb =buy sb sth 给某人买某物
Show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
Be 动词结构
Be at home = stay at home 在家
Be in trouble 有麻烦
Be careful of 小心……
Be late for 因……迟到
Be free 空闲的，有空
Be busy doing/with sth 忙于……
Be covered with 被……复盖
Be ready for 为……作好准备
Be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶
Be interested in 对……感到举
Be excited about 激动于
Be angry with 愤怒于
Be mad at 疯狂于
Be friendly to 友好地去
Be pleased with 很高兴做
Be satisfied with 对……很满意
Be famous for 因……而著名
Be famous as 作为……而著名
Be strict with 对……严格
Be strict in 在……方面严格
Be afraid of 害怕……
Be afraid to do 害怕去做……
Be glad to do 很高兴去做……
Be good for 对……有好处
Be bad for 对……有害处
Be good at = do well in 擅长
Be able to do 能去做……
固定搭配
Have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会
Have a try 试一试
Have a good time 玩得很高兴
Have fun 玩得高兴
Have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
Have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭
Have a fever 发烧
Have a cold 感冒
Have a look (at) 看一看……
Have a rest 休息一会儿
Have a talk 谈话
Have a walk =take a walk 散步
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理20
考研英语作文常见错误分析
【摘要】在英文写作过程中，学生们常常误入歧途却自己不能察觉。一些常见的写作错误会出现在大部分考生的试卷上。比如审题不清，经常出现偏题或跑题；习惯汉语思维，逐字翻译；用词搭配不当，张冠李戴；词不达意，拼写错误严重；等等。具体来说，常见的错误主要有这些：
一、指代方面的错误
在使用代词it，he，this，that，which，one等时，前文中应出现明确的先行词。
如：Since we cannot know what particular bit of knowledge a child will need in the future，it is senseless to force him to learn it.，这句话中，him和it这两个代词都有明确的先行词，分别是a child和knowledge，因此句子的含义非常清楚。
可是，不少学生在使用这些代词时，虽然自己很清楚它们指代的是什么，但在作文中却没有交代清楚，结果这些代词非但没有使行文简洁，反而造成了意思上的模糊，让阅卷老师不知所云。
误：Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden they have to bear.
正：Sometimes the teacher will inform students of the heavy burden he has to bear.
【说明】句1中的they既可指教师，也可指学生，属指代不清的。可以把它们中的任意一个改成单数名词。因为单数名词也可以泛指一类。
二、修饰方面的错误
修饰语应紧靠被修饰的成分，并和它形成正确的逻辑关系。如果修饰语的位置不妥当，就会造出模棱两可的病句。
误：To keep the air clean, we must move the factories which give off poisonous gases to the countryside.
正：To keep the air clean, we must move the factories to the countryside if they give off poisonous gases.
【说明】句1要表达的是把有害气体排放到农村，还是把工厂迁到农村去?显然修饰语to the countryside的位置放错了。如句2改变一下结构，就能清楚地表达要表达的意思了。
三、一致方面的错误
在一个句子内部或紧邻的两三个句子之间，要保持时态、人称、数等的一致。
误：Whether one enjoys or resents advertisements, we are actually bombarded with it every hour of the day.
正：Whether we enjoy or resent advertisements, we are actually bombarded with them every hour of the day.
【说明】代词应与所指代的先行词保持人称和数上的一致。句1也可改成Whether one enjoys or resents the advertisement, he is actually bombarded with it every hour of the day.
四、平行结构方面的错误
这里专指语态、比较级、非谓语形式、冠词用法、可数名词和不可数名词、不定代词单复数以及时态等错误。
1、误：Narrow streets easily cause to happen many traffic accidents.
正：narrow streets easily cause many traffic accidents. (to happen)
误：A great change has been taken place since then.
正：A great change has taken place since then.
误：But it may occur some new problems.
正：But some new problems may occur/arise.
误：Opportunities are only belonged to those who work hard.
正：Opportunities only belong to those who work hard.
【说明】happen，take place，occur，arise等动词和动词词组一般既不能用作被动结构，也不能作为及物动词带宾语的。但学生作文中类似的错误较多：Our country has taken place a great change in many fields.
2、误：The pace of our modern life is getting more faster and faster.
正：The pace of our modern life is getting faster and faster.
误：Electricity is the most important power in our daily life than other kinds of power.
正：Electricity is the most important power in our daily life.
误：Thus our city will be greatly beautiful than it is now.
正：Thus our city will be far more beautiful than it is now.
【说明】这些都是在使用比较形式时出现的错误。尤其是第1例较普遍。如more easier，more stronger等。
五、断句方面的错误
一句句子没有结束，又开始新的一句，结果造成句子结构不全，这就成为断句。
误：TV becomes an important part in our daily life. Because we cannot live without it.
正：TV becomes an important part in our daily life，because we cannot live without it.
【说明】以because，since，if等引导的从句是不能独立成句的，只能依属于主句，所以不能写成另一句。
六、连词方面的错误
作文中缺少必要的`连词，或错用连词的现象也比较普遍。
误：One should improve his English，one should overcome difficulties in studies.
正：If one wants to improve his English，he should overcome difficulties in studies.
【说明】学生在写作中往往意识不到连词的重要，不善于使用连词和连接副词来明确标示出因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。
七、搭配方面的错误
学生作文中用词搭配方面的错误也占有较大比例。曾经在一次六级作文阅卷中，近千篇作文在表达上海交通越来越拥挤这个意思时，几乎没有一篇用 heavier，大多数人用的是The traffic in Shanghai is getting more and more crowded，而traffic是不能与crowded搭配的。
1、误：However the speed of a car is much faster than that of a bicycle.
正：However the speed of a car is much higher than that of a bicycle.
【说明】speed只能和high，low，good，top，normal，fantastic，moderate，surprising等搭配，不能与fast，quick，slow搭配。但可以这样说A car is much faster in speed than a bicycle.
2、误：In the past the price of milk was so expensive that most families could not afford it.
正：In the past the price of milk was so high that most families couldnt afford it.
【说明】price只和high，low，inflated，moderate，minimum，original，popular，prevailing，published，reduced，reasonable等搭配，不能与expensive，cheap搭配，但可以说In the past，milk was so expensive that most families couldnt afford it.
由此可见，要提高对词语搭配的驾驭能力，除了要在平时的阅读过程中多积累，还需要克服中文中诸如速度快、价格贵、学习知识、人减少等搭配的影响，避免写出look book或see book这样的笑话来。
八、误用方面
学生作文中对词语的误用也相当普遍，误用词语不仅不能准确地表达作者的意思，而且也会闹出笑话。
1、误：With the industrious development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
正：With the industrial development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
2、误：Most big cities are plagued by traffic jams which effect our daily life.
正：Most big cities are plagued by traffic jams which affect our daily life.
【说明】以上错句都是因为对形容词的辨析不清而造成的。Industrious是勤劳的，工业上的应为industrial。effect一般用作名词，其动词形式表示产生、实现，而这里的意思是影响，应换成affect。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理21
考研英语写作常见错误与应对策略
考研英语写作中的常见错误作文部分是考研英语试卷中最难的主观题，也是考生得分率较低的题型。从历年考试来看，考生在写作部分大量失分的原因是考生在写作中存在一些具有代表性的普遍问题。以下是一些从考生作文中摘抄下来的例子。
(1) Today, students who take part in social practice become more and more.
(2) Light will be more powerful when the circumstances is more dark.
(3) As a university student, we can study hard science knowledge.
(4) In remote country, some children can?t go to school because no money.
(5) If we help others without thinking whether others need, it perhaps decrease other?s confidence.
(6) I think the best way to show love is our suitable help when others are facing with difficulty and need our helps.
(7) In the picture below, in the dark full situation, a little of spark enlightens the dark.
(8) We offer love, more important, we need love.
(9) But for my roommates? help I couldn?t live up not only in physics but also in spirits.
(10) Let?s hold our hands to build our country filled in love hearts.
上面的例子代表了考研作文中存在的'一些普遍问题。这些问题概括起来主要表现在以下几个方面：
■ 审题不清，致使文章内容偏离主题。如在考试中，有些考生将作文的主题定位为“中国的民族服装为何受西方人喜爱”，偏离了“文化融合”这一主题。我们知道，依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被判为零分。
■ 内容空洞，言之无物，东拉西扯，无明显主题。
■ 汉语思维，逐字翻译，中式英语。很多考生在写英语作文时，习惯于先用汉语进行构思，然后再将汉语译成英语。结果文章中出现很多中式英语，令人难以理解。大家最熟悉的一个典型例子是：Good good study, day day up (好好学习，天天向上)。
■ 词汇量小，用词不准确，词不达意。如do some contribution中的do就属于用词不准确，应该用make。
■ 语法错误较多，主要表现为主谓不一致，第三人称单数不加s，以及时态语态、名词单复数、句子完整性方面的错误。这些错误在考生看来可能无关紧要，但直接影响着作文的整体质量。
■ 句子单调，句型单一，句式缺少变化。
■ 不会使用起承上启下作用的过渡词语，文章缺乏连贯性。
总之，一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体，任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而，很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意，或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现一些语法、词汇、逻辑、语篇等方面的错误。这些错误如果得不到及时的解决，将直接影响作文得高分。下面对这几方面的错误分别予以分析和说明。
1) 词汇错误
词汇方面的错误主要表现在拼写不正确、词形相近而词义不同的词的混用、名词单复数不清、搭配不当等。
(1) 拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。拼写错误虽然未被列入扣分标准，但大量拼写错误的存在不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达。以下例子中，划线部分为拼写不正确的单词。从中可以看出，有些拼写错误影响了整个句子的意思。
...flower cuircling her head and Chinese Changming lock in her chest...
In its long history it beared excellent culture，...
In the past, we are stranged to see a person in other countries? costume while now we are very familiar with this.
What I accomplished today party attribute to all of them giving me a hand to my school work.
With the development of saciety, ...
Enviroment pollution,
We could do anything happyly.
If we have a family fulling of people who love you, ...
(2) 近形异义词(词组)混用
英语中有很多单词(词组)词形非常相似，但词义却相差甚远，使用起来往往容易混淆。这是考研英语作文中另一词汇方面的常见错误。这些词(词组)的混用或误用经常会引起歧义，有时甚至会产生相反的意思。如contribute to 和attribute to意思就完全相反，但考生常将二者混淆;其他容易混淆的词还有：
Confirm (确认) ―― conform (使……适合)
Economic (经济的) ―― economical (节约的)
Courage (勇气) ―― encourage (鼓励)
Transmit (传送) ―― transform (转换)
Liter (升、公升) ―― litter (乱丢、乱扔)
Consist of (由……组成) ―― consist in (存在于……)
Belong to (属于) ―― belong in (应归入……)
(3) 搭配不当
英语中有大量的习惯用语和固定搭配，这些搭配主要有名词、动词、形容词与介词或副词的搭配。有些考生由于对此掌握得不够牢固，经常在这方面出错，从而影响了对作文的理解。
误： to solve the question
正： to solve the problem (or: to answer the question)
误： pay attention on
正： pay attention to
误： Many changes have happened.
正： Many changes have taken place.
误： on my opinion
正： in my opinion
(4) 用词不当
许多考生由于词汇量有限，或单词掌握得不够牢固，因此不能正确使用已学过和已经记住的单词，出现用词不当、词不达意等问题。 例如： the naive spark, enlighten the dark, a happy home, calm gulf, health knowledge等。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理22
文化交流
好处：1、cultural exchanges can enhance international friendship.
2、people can acquire better understanding of each other.
3、can also greatly benefit the countries and stimulate their own social development and culture prosperity.
繁荣：thrive/boom/flourish/blossom
人口问题
解决问题：
1、 the awareness of struggling for one’s life is essential to the young man
2、 parents indulge children in consumption with an objective outlook on money
交通事故
Traffic accidents have long been a problem and are becoming a severe problem
原因：
1、 many drivers are forced to drive days and nights
2、 a lot of people drive after drinking alcohol
城市发展与历史传承
A balanced economic development is not accompanied by sacrifice of history.1、historical sites are the treasure of our country’s glorious past. We must figure out a win-win method to promote sustainable development while retaining our cultural heritage.
一、身体健康 锻炼 心理问题 减肥 知识分子
1 to develop good health 2 to keep regular exercise 3 to make more contributions to the society 4 to make do with bad diet 5 to neglect sports and exercise
二、职业道德及素质类 虚假宣传 假冒伪劣产品 排队 鼓掌 文明言行 文明交通 谦虚 宽容 医患矛盾 药品回扣诚信 豆腐渣 家庭作坊卫生 跳槽与商业机密
1 the sanitation problem of family workshops 2 the promise of one’s own responsibility is like a method of cheating, and is quit against professional morals(职业道德) 3 low-quality products 4 the ignorance of sanitation 5 short of occupational disciplines 6 the false commercial advertising and promotion
三、工作就业前途 高薪 加班 技能 学历 自立自强 创业
To find (search\hunt) the right career; to display talent and capability; to be of real service to fellowmen and the country; to feel guilty in front of parents and family supporters; to encounter discrimination on the basis of sex or height or even birthplace; to despise jobs of lower social status and less income; to avoid the possibility of working in the rural areas
四、环境保护 动植物保护 保护森林 水污染 汽车尾气 沙尘暴 温室效应 节约资源 垃圾污染
The exhaustion of resources ; pollutions from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.
The convenience brought by cars, their harmful impact on the atmosphere.
Garbage output, such as plastics and glass.
Deforestation
Global warming, current greenhouse effect remains out of control
Human exploitation of natural resources
五、教育 上网成瘾 上网交友 青少年犯罪 个人隐私 出国留学 知识学术欺诈 望子成龙 拔苗助长 应试教育素质教育 考试作弊 相互攀比 名牌 浪费 课业负担 恋爱 兼职 占座 8090后 富二代 校园旅游 教育平等 独生子女 农民工子女 创新 迷信 溺爱 spoiled
To concentrate limited resources on creative talents, or elite;
Enable students to possess better job skill; 1 prepare students for future employment; 2 to enhance the quality of population; to promote scientific and technological level; 3 to prepare one for a better and more meaningful life rather than a job;
One-child policy
Migrant workers(农民工); impartial education opportunities
Overwhelming homework; quality education(素质教育)
A comprehensive renovation
六、人生价值 创新 勇气 奋斗 勤俭 高瞻远瞩 奉献 浪费 社会公德 幸福观 勇敢 得与失 正直诚实 持之以恒 拼搏的奥运精神 读书
To be fair and upright; honest person;
Economical and simple life; to learn to be frugal;
Success derives from persistence
Olympic motto
read more books
七、情感 友谊 团队合作 teamwork and cooperation 帮助 selflessly offering help 让座 邻里关系 捐款献爱心
Show love; provide assistance to others.
Contributing money and other necessities to people who are in great need
Eager to donate money to charity
八、交流文化 中西方文化 民族文化 老外过春节 老外学书法 学英语 城市发展与历史传承
A balanced economic development is not necessarily accompanied by the sacrifice of history.
Participating in the annual celebration of the Chinese spring festival
Practicing Chinese calligraphy (书法)
Cultural exchanges; acquire better understanding of each other.
The traditional Chinese culture.
Pass down culture habit and treasure; absorb and assimilate traditional culture; reserve and spread brilliant diverse culture; be under the threat of extinction; be in great danger
九、人口增长 人口质量 小学生肥胖 养老与老龄化 性别比例
Population aging; outdated and abandoned; to improve the living condition of the aging population ; to respect and appreciate the aged; to provide safety and happiness
The number of males outweighs that of females
The population growth is almost out of control, the humans to live is increasingly circumscribed.
十、家庭关系 养老 啃老
Young people are used to relying financially on their families
十一、社会热点 黄天和谐社会 学术腐败 可持续发展 抗争救灾众志成城 交通旅游 国际化 堵车 宠物 农业 酒后/疲劳驾车 黄金周旅游
Traffic jams(堵车)
The successful launch of the shenzhou-6 spaceship, our national strength and scientific competency.
Traffic accidents; drive days and night with little rest; drive after drinking alcohol
To keep domestic animals; to make family life more colorful and rich; to develop sense of responsibility and caring; to make people feel closer to the natural world; to spread disease and pollute living environment; to waste time and money; to scare and hurt people, kid and the aged alike
十二、法律 合法致富 经济发展 科技发展 网络 电子交通 传媒 动车
Get rich by legal means; be entitled to wealth and prosperity; stimulate people into hard working; reduce the gap; help the poor with better opportunities; make big money illegally; make this society insecure
网络好处：share individual viewpoints and insights; enable better and more efficient interpersonal communication; enjoy equal right t personal opinion; 坏处：reveal and spread rumors; occupy and waste net space; follow trend and fashion; ( help distinguish between right and wrong; offer proper guidance; check and restrict unhealthy content; create a clean and safe environment; mislead children by indecent content; indulge n violent act and aggressive behavior)
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理23
Make friends (with) 与……交朋友
Make a living 谋生
Make a mistake 犯错误
Make a sentence 造句
Be made from/of 由……制成
Be made in 在……地方制造
Look after =take care of 照管，照看，
Look for 寻找
Look like 看上去像
Look out 当心，小心
Look around 朝四周看
Look at 看着……
Put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)
Put up 张帖
Set up 竖起，建起
Set off 出发，动身
Set out 出发
Send for 派人去请
Take one's advice 听从某人劝告
Take out 拿出，取出
Take down 拿下
Take place 发生
Take the place of 代替
Take it easy 别紧张
Take away 拿走
Take off 脱下,起飞，休假
Day off / have off 休假
Take photos 拍照
Take some medicine 服药
Turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)
Turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)
Turn down (把音量)调低
Turn up 调高
Turn in 交出，上交
Turn…into… 变成
Turn…over 把……翻过来
At once 立刻
At last 最后
At first 起先，首先
At the age of… 在……岁时
At the end of… 在……之末
By the end of… 到……底为止
At the beginning of… 在……之初
At night/noon 在夜里/中午
In the day 在白天
In all 总共
In fact 事实上
In one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
In a hurry 匆忙
In time 及时
In public 公众，公开地
In order to 为了……
In front of 在……前面
In the front of 在某物内的前面
In the end 最后，终于
In turn 依次
Of course 当然
From now on 从现在起
From then on 从那时起
For example 例如
Far away from 远离
A piece of 一张(一片，块)
A cup of 一茶怀
A glass of 一玻璃杯
A box of 一盒
A bottle of 一瓶
A set of 一套
A group of 一队，一组，一群
A kind of 一种
All kinds of 所有种类
A type of 一种类型的
A different type of 一种不同型号的
A great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可数名词)
A large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可数名词)
A great many 大量，许多(可数名词)
All over the world/the country 全世界/全国
Day after day 日复一日
Day by day 一天天
Up and down 上上下下
The day after tomorrow 后天
The day before yesterday 前天
其他固定搭配
Langht at 嘲笑
Be used to doing习惯于
Used to 过去常常
Use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
Wake…up 唤醒
Work out 算出
Hurry up 赶快，快点
Think about 考虑……
Think of 想到
Be anxious about 担忧
Throw away 扔掉
Hear of 听说
Hear from 收到……来信
Instead of 代替……
With one's help 在某人的帮助下，由于
With the help of … 在……的帮助下
To one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是
Up and down 上上下下
just now/then 刚才/那时
Late on 过后，后来
Work / study hard 努力工作
Come out 解出
Wait for 等待
Do morning exercises 做早操
Do eye exercises 做眼保健操
Get on/along (well) with 与……相处(融洽)
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理24
考研英语作文常见的四个写作格式错误
【摘要】考研英语作文的评分，首先关注的就是单词、句子、格式的正确性。因此，在作文的复习中，不能只关注高端句型，正确的格式也是不容忽视的。
写作格式错误主要包括题目的写法、文章的格式、大小写以及标点符号等四个方面。
题目的写法
题目是首先映入读者眼帘的，所以要注意题目的书写位置。一定要在试卷作文纸上的上方中间位置书写。同时还应在话题和正文之间留出一定的距离，即比正文行距稍宽一些。
其次，要注意题目的大小写，实词的首字母一定要大写。其它虚词如冠词、连词（但如连词的字母多于5个时则大写)和介词首字母不需要大写。比如：
跳动的心（例子）
误：Attitudes Toward Money
正：Attitudes toward Money
文章的格式
1、四边留空：卷面的四边一定要留出适当的`空白。这样的文章才能整齐、美观，给人以清晰、明快的感觉。
2、空格：文章的每段的首行一定要有统一的空格（一般缩进4-6个字节）。
大小写方面的错误
在考研文章的评改过程中，有关大小写方面的错误层出不穷，这是考生的一个弱点。一般来说，大写规则有以下几条：
1、大写每句话的第一个字母和直接引语的第一字母
如：He said,He is going to Shanghai next week.
2、大写专有名词，或用作专有名词的部分普通名词，通常是缩略形式
如：DrG .G . East
3、大写缩写字母
如：MPA ,MBA ,BBC
4、文章标题要大写
5、头衔在专有名词前要大写，在专有名词后就小写
例如：Captain SmithSmith, the captain；Uncle GeorgeGeorge ,my uncle
标点符号
考生在写文章时，一定要注意正确使用标点符号，切忌从头到尾只用逗号的现象。一定要熟练掌握常用标点符号的基本用法，尤其要正确使用逗号和分号。
三段式作文注意事项
1、作文卷面要保持整洁，不要连笔，不要涂改，这是获取印象分的重点。很多考生由于在考场过于紧张导致作文的单词老是写错，这是致命伤啊，会直接让你越写越没感觉就越没信心了，所以平常要加强练笔！
2、全文的第一句和各段的第一句必须是文章的中心句，最好能用复杂句表达。这是因为阅卷老师一般没有那么多的时间去看作文，所以只能大概浏览下各段的首句，这是获得高分的关键。
3、全文结构布局：全文分为三段，第一段3句，第二段5句，第三段4句，可根据具体情况调整。段落中，第一句是topic ，第二三句是detail ，第三句是conclusion 。
考研英语小作文中常见错误及指导整理25
考研英语应用文常见错误及指导
考研英语写作分为PART A 和PART B两部分，所占分值比例英语一分别为10分，20分，英语二分别为10分，15分。PART A即短文写作，也就是我们所说的小作文。那么，大家可以发现，小作文无论在英语一还是英语二，在分值比例上，写作要求上都是一样的。而小作文最常考查的形式为应用文，即书信。其实书信写作对于广大考生来说并不陌生，大学英语四六级中书信写作是常考题型。但是老师在辅导学生作文过程中发现，学生的书信写作还存在诸多问题。
首先，格式上的错误。书信的称呼，正确的格式应该是“Dear …,”，而很多考生不用Dear，而且一般都是写成“Dear…:”。另外，在考研英语写作中不需要写日期，最后书信的落款是“Li Ming”，而不是自己的姓名。考生不注意书信的'格式，后果就是扣分严重。
其次，审题不认真，内容离题。一直以来，在写作之前我们都跟学生强调要审题，很多考生一直不注意这点，也有的认为书信没有什么值得仔细审读的。但是最后的后果就是，内容偏离题目要求。小作文要如何审题呢?首先要仔细阅读题目所提供的情景，确定写信人和收信人的关系即写信人的身份，进而确定书信的口气，这样才能满足大纲中对写作语域的要求。另外，还需要注意情景发生的时间和背景，注意书信的时态。
在重点备考书信写作的同时，提醒考生们千万不能忽视其它类型的写作，比如通知、备忘录等。小作文种类繁多，但是只要有正确的思路和方法，再加上多写、多练、多改，一定可以攻克。
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